Smirnov Sergei
DrS (Econ. Sci.), Head of the Centre for Social Programmes and Risks Analysis, Institute for Social Policy, National Research University “Higher School of Economics”, Leading Researcher at the Institute of Scientific Information for Social Sciences of the RussianAcademy of Sciences (Moscow, Russia)
Internal migration in the Russian Federation: assessment of flows and their structural characteristics
The main migration flows in the Russian Federation are formed by internal or intracountry migrants, whose share in the total number of migrants in the country in 2022 amounted to 84,4% in terms of arrivals and 93,8% in terms of departures. The volume and structural indicators of internal migration are largely similar to those in other countries. The intensity of migration (the share of migrants in the total population of different ages) is expected to be highest among younger age groups, whose main motive for moving is the desire to get a high-quality education and a promising job in the context of career and income. As the age increases, the intensity of internal migration decreases to the lowest level among older people of working age. An important role in changing the place of residence, in addition to the personal circumstances of the migrant and his socio-demographic characteristics, is played by the level of socio-economic development of the region, its place in the ranking of the regions of the country according to indicators characterizing the quality of life. The regions that occupy high places in the rankings are usually characterized by the largest flow of incoming internal migrants. Opportunities to leave regions with low ratings are in many cases limited for potential internal migrants. The age structure of the population also affects the intensity of intra-country migration: regions with a larger proportion of the working-age population are generally characterized by a higher intensity of relocation to a new place of residence in other regions. At the same time, the higher the proportion of people older than the working-age population, the generally smaller proportion of its population moves to a new place of residence.
Keywords: internal migration; regions of Russia; migration flows; intensity of migration; age of migrants; rating of the quality of life in the regions
For citation: Smirnov S.N. Internal migration in the Russian Federation: assessment of flows and their structural characteristics // Social Novalties and Social Sciences. – 2024. – N 1. – P. 65–83.DOI: 10.31249/snsn/2024.01.04
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