Challenges and imperatives of industrial policy in Russia in the context of environmental transformation

The article analyzes the specific nature of the impact of environmental regulation on the innovation activity of enterprises in Russia and assesses the necessity of introducing mandatory regulation, taking into account such a distinctive feature of the Russian economy as the combination of high-tech and resource-intensive industries. Strategic planning documents, statistics on science funding, and indicators of environmental innovation adoption are examined. Models for stimulating innovation, such as direct government intervention and the influence of external factors, are reviewed. Particular attention is paid to the challenges associated with the entry into force of the EU's Cross-Border Carbon Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM), as well as potential response methods, including the creation of a national emissions trading system. The conclusion is drawn regarding the need to adapt the policy for stimulating environmental innovations to specific sectoral characteristics.

Keywords: Russia; environmental regulation; industrial policy; decarbonization; innovation stimulation; CBAM EU.